POETRY OF GALIB
· Introduction of Ghalib
Ghalib (Urdu: غاؔلِب), born Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan (Urdu: مِرزااسَدُاللہ بیگ خان), twenty seven Gregorian calendar month 1797 – fifteen February 1869), was a prominent Urdu and Persian writer throughout the last years of the Mughal Empire. He used his pen-names of Ghalib (Urdu: غالِب, ġhālib suggests that "dominant") and Asad (Urdu: اسَد, Asad suggests that "lion"). His honorific was Dabir-ul-Mulk, Najm-ud-Daula. During his time period the Mughals were eclipsed and displaced by a people and eventually throw out following the defeat of the Indian rebellion of 1857, events that he described.Most notably, he wrote many ghazals throughout his life, which have since been interpreted and sung in many different ways by different people. Ghalib, the last nice writer of the Mughal Era, is considered to be one of the most famous and influential poet of the Urdu and Persian languages. Today Ghalib remains fashionable not solely in India and Asian country however conjointly among the Hindustani diaspora round the world
Mirza Ghalib was born in Kala Mahal, Agr into a family descended from Aibak Turks who moved to Samarkand (in modern-day Uzbekistan) after the downfall of the Seljuk kings. His paternal grandfather, Mirza Qoqan Baig, was a Seljuq Turk who had immigrated to India from Samarkand during the reign of Ahmad Shah (1748–54).[citation needed] He worked at Lahore, Delhi and Jaipur, was awarded the subdistrict of Pahasu (Bulandshahr, UP) and finally settled in Agra, UP, India. He had four sons and three daughters. Mirza Abdullah Baig and Mirza Nasrullah Baig were 2 of his sons.[citation needed]
Mirza Abdullah Baig (Ghalib's father) married Izzat-ut-Nisa Muslim, an ethnic Kashmiri, and then lived at the house of his father-in-law. He was utilized 1st by the governor of Lucknow then the Nizam of Hyderabad, Deccan. He died in a battle in 1803 in Alwar and was buried at Rajgarh (Alwar, Rajasthan). Then Ghalib was a little over 5 years of age. He was raised 1st by his Uncle Mirza Nasrullah Baig Khan.
At the age of 13, Ghalib married Umrao Begum, daughter of Nawab Ilahi Bakhsh (brother of the Nawab of Ferozepur Jhirka).[citation needed] He soon moved to Delhi, along with his younger brother, Mirza Yousuf, who had developed schizophrenia at a young age and later died in Delhi during the chaos of 1857.
None of his seven children survived beyond infancy. After his marriage he settled in Delhi. In one in every of his letters he describes his wedding because the second imprisonment once the initial confinement that was life itself. The idea that life is one continuous painful struggle which may finish only if life itself ends, is a recurring theme in his poetry. One of his couplets puts it in a very nutshell:
قید حیات و بند غم ، اصل میں دونوں ایک ہیں
موت سے پہلے آدمی غم سے نجات پائے کیوں؟
Transliteration in Hindi
क़ैद-ए-हयात-ओ-बंद-ए-ग़म, अस्ल में दोनों एक ह
मौत से पहले आदमी ग़म से निजात पाए क्यूँ?
Translation in English
The jail of life and also the bondage of grief area unit one and also the same
Before the onset of death, why should man expect to be free of grief?
Mirza Ghalib's view of world as he sees world is like a playground where everyone is busy in some mundane activity and merrymaking rather than something of greater value as he wrote:
بازیچہ اطفال ہے دنیا میرے آگے
ہوتا ہے شب و روز تماشا میرے آگے
Transliteration in Hindi
बाज़ीचा-ए-अत्फ़ाल है दुनिया मेरे आगे
होता है शबो-रोज़ तमाशा मेरे आगे।
Translation in English
Just like a child's play this world seems to ME
Every single night and day, this spectacle I see
There are a unit conflicting reports concerning his relationship along with his spouse. She was considered to be pious, conservative and God-fearing
Ghalib was pleased with his name as a rake. He was once confined for gambling and afterward relished the affair proudly. In the Mughal court circles, he even noninheritable a name as a "ladies' man".:41 Once, when someone praised the poetry of the pious Sheikh Sahbai in his presence, Ghalib immediately retorted:
How can Sahbai be a poet? He has never tasted wine, nor has he ever gambled; he has not been beaten with slippers by lovers, nor has he ever seen the inside of a jail.:41
اگ رہا ہے در و دیوار سے سبزہ غاؔلب
ہم بیاباں میں ہیں اور گھر میں بہار آئی ہے
He died in Delhi on 15 February 1869. The house wherever he lived in Gali Qasim Jaan, Ballimaran, Chandni Chowk, in Old Delhi known as the Ghalib ki Haveli has now been turned into 'Ghalib Memorial' and houses a permanent Ghalib exhibition. [citation needed]
· Mughal Titles
In 1850, Emperor Bahadur monarch Zafar II conferred upon Mirza Ghalib the title of "Dabir-ul-Mulk". The Emperor conjointly additional to that the extra title of "Najm-ud-daula".The gift of those titles was symbolic of Mirza Ghalib's incorporation into the nobility of city. He conjointly received the title of 'Mirza Nosha' from the Emperor, thus adding Mirza as his first name. He was conjointly a very important attender of the royal court of the Emperor. As the Emperor was himself a writer, Mirza Ghalib was appointed as his poet tutor in 1854. He was also appointed as tutor of Prince Fakhr-ud Din Mirza, eldest son of Bahadur Shah II,(d. 10 July 1856). He was conjointly appointed by the Emperor because the royal scholar of Mughal Court.
· Pen name
His original Takhallus (pen-name) was Asad, drawn from his given name, Asadullah Khan. At some purpose early in his poetic career he conjointly determined to adopt the pen-name of Ghalib (meaning all capture, superior, most excellent). At some places in his poetry Ghalib conjointly used the nom de guerre of Asad Ullah Khan
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